Hair dye composition

ABSTRACT

Provided is a hair dye composition containing a direct dye (1), (2) or (3). This hair dye composition has markedly high hair dyeing power, has less color fade over time and undergoes a small change in the color tone of the dye even after storage.                    
     wherein, R 1  represents a (substituted) aryl group, R 2 , R 4  to R 6 , R 8  and R 9  each represents H, a (substituted) C 1-6  alkyl group or a (substituted) aryl group, R 3  and R 7  each represents a (substituted) aryl group, R 10  to R 12  each represents a (substituted) C 1-6  alkyl or (substituted) aryl group, rings A to G each represents a benzene ring which may be substituted by a (substituted) amino group, (substituted) C 1-6  alkyl group, C 1-6  alkoxy group or halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring, and X −  represents an anion.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a hair dye composition having markedly high dyeing power, can strongly impart the hair with an extremely vivid color ranging from yellow, orange, red, purple to blue, has less color fade over time and undergoes a small change in the color tone of the dye even after storage.

BACKGROUND ART

Hair dyes can be classified by the dye to be used therefor, or whether they have bleaching action of melanin or not. Typical examples include a two-part permanent hair dye composed of a first part containing an alkali agent, an oxidation dye and a direct dye such as nitro dye and a second part containing an oxidizing agent; and one-part semi-permanent hair dye containing an organic acid or an alkali agent, and a direct dye such as acid dye, basic dye or nitro dye.

The above-described permanent hair dye is however accompanied with the drawbacks that color tone imparted by an oxidation dye is not so vivid and the color of the hair dyed with a vivid-color producing nitro dye ordinarily employed as a direct dye markedly fades over time and becomes dull soon even if the color tone rightly after dyeing is very vivid (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) No. Hei 6-271435).

Recently, hair dyes containing as a direct dye a so-called cationic dye having a cation group contained in their conjugate system have been reported (Japanese Language Laid-Open Publication (PCT) No. Hei 8-507545, 8-501322 or 10-502946, or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) No. Hei 10-194942). They have been found to involve drawbacks that intended dyeing effects are not available owing to decomposition of them caused by mixing, upon hair dyeing, with hydrogen peroxide ordinarily employed as an oxidizing agent; and that when the cation group is contained in an azo-based (—N═N—) conjugated system, they are unstable to an alkali agent or a reducing agent essentially contained in a permanent hair dye.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a hair dye composition which has high hair dyeing power, less color fade over time, and excellent storage stability to permit only a small change in color tone of the dye after storage.

The present inventors have found that when any one of the below-described compounds known as Basic Violet 6, Basic Violet 12, Basic Blue 14, Basic Blue 13, Basic Orange 14, Basic Yellow 7, Basic Yellow 6, Basic Orange 4, Basic Yellow 9, Basic Orange 15, Basic Orange 23 or Basic Blue 20 is used as a hair dye, the resulting dye composition can strongly impart the hair with a vivid color ranging from yellow, orange, red, purple to blue without decomposing the dye upon hair drying, exhibits excellent light resistance, washing resistance, perspiration resistance, friction resistance and heat resistance, and undergoes a small change in the color tone of the dye after storage as compared with that rightly after preparation because the dye exists in the composition stably.

In one aspect of the present invention, there is thus provided a hair dye composition comprising, as a direct dye, a compound represented by any one of the following formulas (1), (2) and (3):

wherein, R¹ represents an aryl group which may have a substituent,

R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁸ and R⁹ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆ alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent;

R³ and R⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may have a substituent,

R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² each independently represents a C₁₋₆ alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aryl group which may have a substituent,

rings A, B, C, D, E, F and G each independently represents a benzene ring which may be substituted with an amino group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆ alkyl group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆ alkoxy group or a halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring, and

X⁻ represents an anion.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for dyeing the hair with the above-described hair dye composition.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In the formulas (1) to (3), examples of the aryl group represented by R¹ to R¹² include phenyl and naphthyl groups, which may each be substituted by a C₁₋₆ alkyl group, halogen atom, hydroxy group, alkoxy group or amino group which may have a substituent (substituent: C₁₋₆ alkyl groups, C₁₋₆ hydroxyalkyl groups, etc.), more specifically, methyl group, ethyl group, chlorine atom, hydroxy group, methoxy group, amino group, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, ethylamino group, diethylamino group or bis(hydroxyethyl)amino group.

Examples of the C₁₋₆ alkyl group which is represented by R², R⁴ to R⁶ or R⁸ to R¹², or which may be a substituent for the rings A to G include methyl, ethyl and cyclohexyl groups, which may each be substituted by a hydroxy group or an aryl (phenyl, etc.) group.

As a substituent for the rings A to G, examples of the amino group which may have a substituent include amino groups which may each be substituted by a C₁₋₆ alkyl group or C₁₋₆ hydroxyalkyl group, more specifically, amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino and bis(hydroxyethyl)amino groups; those of the C₁₋₆ alkoxy group include methoxy, ethoxy, benzyloxy and hydroxyethoxy groups; and those of the halogen atom include chlorine, bromine and fluorine atoms.

Examples of the anion represented by X⁻ include chloride ions, bromide ions, iodide ions, trichlorozincic acid ions, tetrachlorozincic acid ions, sulfuric acid ions, hydrosulfuric acid ions, methyl sulfate ions, phosphoric acid ions, formic acid ions and acetic acid ions.

Specific examples of the direct dyes (1) to (3) to be used in the present invention will next be shown.

As a direct dye, at least one of these direct dyes (1) to (3) can be used or another direct dye can be used in combination therewith. In particular, combination with red and blue dyes when the direct dye (1), (2) or (3) employed is a yellow dye, combination with yellow and blue dyes when it is a red dye, and combination with yellow and red dyes when it is a blue dye, each makes it possible to dye the hair with a deep and highly lustrous dark brown or black color.

Examples of the direct dye other than the direct dyes (1) to (3) include Basic Blue 7 (C.I. 42595), Basic Blue 26 (C.I. 44045), Basic Blue 99 (C.I. 56059), Basic Violet 10 (C.I. 45170), Basic Violet 14 (C.I. 42515), Basic Brown 16 (C.I. 12250), Basic Brown 17 (C.I. 12251), Basic Red 2 (C.I. 50240), Basic Red 22 (C.I. 11055), Basic Red 76 (C.I. 12245), Basic Red 118 (C.I. 12251:1) and Basic Yellow 57 (C.I. 12719); and basic dyes as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 58-2204, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-118832, Japanese Language Laid-Open Publication (PCT) No. Hei 8-501322 or Japanese Language Laid-Open Publication (PCT) No. Hei 8-507545.

The content of the direct dye (1), (2) or (3) employed is preferably 0.01 to 20 wt. %, more preferably 0.05 to 10 wt. %, especially 0.1 to 5 wt. % based on the whole composition (after mixture of all the component parts when the hair dye composition is a two part or three part type; this will apply equally hereinafter). When another direct dye is added in combination, the content in total with the direct dye (1), (2) or (3) preferably ranges from 0.05 to 10 wt. %, especially 0.1 to 5 wt. %.

The hair dye composition of the present invention is preferably adjusted to pH 6 to 11, with pH 8 to 11 being especially preferred. Examples of the alkali agent to be used for pH adjustment include ordinarily employed ones such as ammonia, organic amines and salts thereof. The alkali agent is preferably added in an amount of 0.01 to 20 wt. %, more preferably 0.1 to 10 wt. %, especially 0.5 to 5 wt. % based on the whole composition.

In the hair dye composition of the present invention, an oxidizing agent can be incorporated. In this case, hair dyeing and bleaching can be carried out simultaneously, which facilitates more vivid hair dyeing. Ordinarily employed oxidizing agents, for example, hydrogen peroxide, persulfates such as ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate and sodium persulfate, perborates such as sodium perborate, percarbonates such as sodium percarbonate and bromates such as sodium bromate and potassium bromate are usable. Out of them, hydrogen peroxide is especially preferred. The oxidizing agent is added in an amount of 0.5 to 10 wt. %, especially 1 to 8 wt. %, based on the whole composition.

In the hair dye composition of the present invention, an oxidation dye can be incorporated further. This incorporation enables markedly vivid dyeing not attainable by the single use of an oxidation dye. In this case, the above-exemplified oxidizing agents can be used as an oxidizing agent, with hydrogen peroxide being particularly preferred. Alternatively, an oxidizing enzyme such as laccase can be employed. For the oxidation dye, known color developers and couplers ordinarily employed for an oxidation type hair dye can be used.

Examples of the developer include p-phenylenediamines having one or several groups selected from groups NH₂—, NHR— and NR₂— (in which R represents a C₁₋₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group) such as p-phenylenediamine, p-toluylenediamine, N-methyl-p-phenylenediamine, chloro-p-phenylenediamine, 2-(2′-hydroxyethylamino)-5-aminotoluene, N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-phenylenediamine, 2-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, methoxy-p-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dichloro-p-phenylenediamine, 2-chloro-6-methyl-p-phenylenediamine, 6-methoxy-3-methyl-p-phenylenediamine, 2,5-diaminoanisole, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-p-phenylenediamine and N-2-methoxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine; 2,5-diaminopyridine derivatives and 4,5-diaminopyrazole derivatives; p-aminophenols such as p-aminophenol, 2-methyl-4-aminophenol, N-methyl-p-aminophenol, 3-methyl-4-aminophenol, 2,6-dimethyl-4-aminophenol, 3,5-dimethyl-4-aminophenol, 2,3-dimethyl-4-aminophenol and 2,5-dimethyl-4-aminophenol; o-aminophenols, o-phenylenediamines, 4,4′-diaminophenylamine and hydroxypropylbis(N-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine); and salts thereof.

Examples of the coupler include 1-naphthol, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, 5-amino-2-methylphenol, 5-(2′-hydroxyethylamino)-2-methylphenol, 2,4-diaminoanisole, m-toluylenediamine, resorcin, m-phenylenediamine, m-aminophenol, 4-chlororesorcin, 2-methylresorcin, 2,4-diaminophenoxyethanol, 2,6-diaminopyridine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 4-hydroxyindole, 6-hydroxyindole, 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine, 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, 4-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, 4,6-diamino-2-hydroxypyrimidine and 1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane; and salts thereof.

As each of a developer and a coupler, at least one of the above-exemplified ones can be used. Although no particular limitation is imposed on the content of each of them, it is added in an amount of 0.01 to 20 wt. %, especially 0.5 to 10 wt. % based on the whole composition.

To the hair dye composition of the present invention, a known autoxidation dye typified by an indole or an indoline, or a known direct dye such as a nitro dye or a disperse dye can also be added.

When an anionic component (such as anionic surfactant or anionic polymer) is added to the hair dye composition of the present invention, it is preferred to satisfy the following equation:

“Ion activity concentration of the anionic component/ion activity concentration of the cationic direct dye (1), (2) or (3) incorporated in the hair dye composition≦8”

The term “ion activity concentration” as used herein means “molar concentration×ionic valence”.

Addition of a polyol, polyol alkyl ether, cationic or amphoteric polymer or silicone to the hair dye composition of the present invention is preferred, because the resulting composition can dye the hair uniformly and has improve hair cosmetic effects.

In addition to the above-described components, those ordinarily employed as a raw material for cosmetics can be added to the hair dye composition of the present invention. Examples of such an optional component include hydrocarbons, animal or vegetable fats and oils, higher fatty acids, organic solvents, penetration promoters, cationic surfactants, natural or synthetic polymers, higher alcohols, ethers, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, protein derivatives, amino acids, antiseptics, chelating agents, stabilizing agents, antioxidants, plant extracts, crude drug extracts, vitamins, colorants, perfumes and ultraviolet absorbers.

The hair dye composition of the present invention can be prepared in a conventional manner into a one-part composition, a two-part composition having a first component part containing an alkali agent and a second component part containing an oxidizing agent, or a three-part composition having, in addition to these two component parts, a powdery oxidizing agent such as persulfate. The direct dye (1), (2) or (3) can be incorporated in either one or both of these component parts of the two-part or three-part composition. When the hair dye composition of the present invention is one-part type, it is applied to the hair directly. When it is a two- or three-part type, it is applied to the hair after mixing these parts upon hair dyeing.

No particular limitation is imposed on the form of the hair dye composition of the present invention. Examples include powder, transparent liquid, emulsion, cream, gel, paste, aerosol, and aerosol foam. It preferably has a viscosity of 2000 to 100000 mPa·s in the stage of application to the hair (after mixing of all the components when the hair dye composition is a two-part or three-part type).

EXAMPLES Examples 1 to 5

In a manner known per se in the art, hair dyes as shown in Table 1 were prepared.

TABLE 1 Examples (wt. %) 1 2 3 4 5 Dye [Compound (o), Basic Blue 20] 0.2 0.15 0.1 Dye [Compound (n), Basic Orange 23] 0.5 0.1 0.2 Dye [formula (I), Red] 0.15 0.1 0.05 Dye [formula (II), Yellow] 0.1 0.1 Ethanol 5 5 5 Propylene glycol 5 5 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 10 Guar gum 1 Hydroxypropyl guar gum 1 1 1 1 “Gufquat 734” (trade name; product of ISP Japan) 1 1 ”Catinal LC100” (trade name; product of Toho Chemical Industry) 1 1 “Polyether-modified silicone KF6005” (trade name; product of 0.4 Shin-Etsu Chemical) “Amodimethicone SM8702C” (trade name; product of Dow 1.5 Corning Toray Silicone) Monoethanolamine 0.1 Phosphoric acid Amount to adjust pH to 9 Perfume q.s. Water Balance

Examples 6 to 9

In a manner known per se in the art, hair dyes as shown in Table 2 were prepared.

TABLE 2 Examples (wt. %) 6 7 8 9 1st part Dye [Compound (e), Basic Blue 13] 0.2 0.15 0.2 Dye [Compound (j), Basic Orange 4] 0.1 0.15 Dye [formula (II), Yellow] 0.1  0.05 Dye [Basic Blue 99] 0.3 28 wt. % Aqueous ammonia 5 Monoethanolamine 2 Propylene glycol 8 Polyoxyethylene (20) isostearyl ether 24  Polyoxyethylene (2) isostearyl ether 20  “Merquat 280” (trade name; product of Calgon 8   Corp., a 35 wt. % aqueous solution) “Polymer JR400” (trade name; product of 0.5 0.5 Union Carbide) “Amodimethicone SM8702C” (trade name; 2   product of Dow Corning Toray Silicone) “Polyether modified silicone KF6005” (trade 0.3 name; product of Shin-Etsu Chemical) Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 0.1 Perfume q.s. Ammonium chloride Amount to adjust pH to 10 Water Balance 2nd part 35 wt. % Aqueous hydrogen peroxide 17.1  Methylparaben 0.1 Phosphoric acid Amount to adjust pH to 3.5 Water Balance

Examples 10 to 12

In a manner known per se in the art, hair dyes as shown in Table 3 were prepared.

TABLE 3 Examples (wt. %) 10 11 12 1st part Toluene-2,5-diamine 1.9 1 Para-aminophenol 1 Resorcin 2 Para-amino-ortho-cresol 1.1 2,4-Diaminophenoxyethanol 1.37 Dye [Compound (i), Basic Yellow 6] 0.05 Dye [Compound (a), Basic Violet 6] 0.15 Dye [Compound (o), Basic Blue 20] 0.1 28 wt. % Aqueous ammonia 5 Monoethanolamine 2 Propylene glycol 8 Polyoxyethylene (20) isostearyl ether 24  Polyoxyethylene (2) isostearyl ether 20  “Merquat 280” (trade name; product of Calgon Corp., 8 a 35 wt. % aqueous solution) “Polymer JR400” (trade name; product of 0.5 Union Carbide) “Amodimethicone SM8702C” (trade name; product of 2 Dow Corning Toray Silicone) Sodium sulfite  0.05 Ascorbic acid 0.5 Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 0.1 Perfume q.s. Ammonium chloride Amount to adust pH to 10 Water Balance 2nd part 35 wt. % Aqueous hydrogen peroxide 17.1  Methylparaben 0.1 Phosphoric acid Amount to adjust pH to 3.5 Water Balance

Example 13

In a manner known per se in the art, the following hair dye was prepared.

(wt. %) (First part) Para-aminophenol 1 Para-amino-ortho-cresol 1.1 Compound (e) (Basic Blue 13) 0.1 28 wt. % Aqueous ammonia 5 Monoethanolamine 2 Cetanol 8.5 Polyoxyethylene (40) cetyl ether 3 Polyoxyethylene (2) cetyl ether 3.5 Stearyl trimethyl amnmonium chloride 2 Liquid paraffin 0.5 Sodium sulfite 0.05 Ascorbic acid 0.5 Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 0.1 Perfume q.s. Ammonium chloride Amount to adjust pH to 10 Water Balance (Second part) 35 wt. % Hydrogen peroxide 17.1 Methylparaben 0.1 Phosphoric acid Amount to adjust pH to 3.5 Water Balance 

What is claimed is:
 1. A hair dye composition, comprising: a one-part aqueous formulation containing a direct dye compound represented by formula (1), (2) or (3):

 wherein R¹ represents an aryl group which may have a substituent, R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁸ and R⁹ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R³ and R⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² each independently represents a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aryl group which may have a substituent; rings A, B, C, D, E, F and G each independently represents a benzene ring which may be substituted with an amino group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkoxy group or a halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring, and X⁻ represents an anion, the composition having a pH ranging from 6-11 that is adjusted to within said range by an alkali agent and containing at least one cosmetic ingredient selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, animal or vegetable fats and oils, fatty acids, organic solvents, hair penetration promoters, cationic surfactants, natural or synthetic polymers, alcohols, ethers, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, protein derivatives, amino acids, antiseptics, chelating agents, stabilizing agents, antioxidants, plant extracts, crude drug extracts, vitamins, colorants, perfumes, aerosolizing agents and UV absorbers.
 2. A hair dye composition, comprising: a two-part aqueous formulation comprising, in a first part, a direct dye compound represented by formula (1), (2) or (3):

 wherein R¹ represents an aryl group which may have a substituent, R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁸ and R⁹ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R³ and R⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² each independently represents a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aryl group which may have a substituent; rings A, B, C, D, E, F and G each independently represents a benzene ring which may be substituted with an amino group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkoxy group or a halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring; and X⁻ represents an anion, the first part having a pH ranging from 6-11 that is adjusted to within said range by an alkali agent; and a second part, comprising an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent.
 3. A hair dye composition, comprising: a three-part aqueous formulation comprising, in a first part, a direct dye compound represented by formula (1), (2) or (3):

 wherein R¹ represents an aryl group which may have a substituent, R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁸ and R⁹ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R³ and R⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² each independently represents a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aryl group which may have a substituent; rings A, B, C, D, E, F and G each independently represents a benzene ring which may be substituted with an amino group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkoxy group or a halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring; and X⁻ represents an anion, the first part having a pH ranging from 6-11 that is adjusted to within said range by an alkali agent; and a second part, comprising an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent; and a third part, comprising a powdered oxidizing agent.
 4. The hair dye composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of alkali in the composition ranges from 0.01 to 20 wt % of the formulation.
 5. The hair dye composition according to claim 2, wherein the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, a persulfate, a perborate, a percarbonate or a bromate.
 6. The hair dye composition according to claim 2, wherein the oxidizing agent is present in the entire composition in an amount of 0.5 to 10 wt %.
 7. The hair dye composition according to claim 2, wherein the oxidizing agent is combined with a developer and a coupler in the second part of the composition, wherein said developer and coupler are each present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 20 wt % of the entire composition.
 8. The hair dye composition according to claim 7, wherein the oxidizing agent is combined with a developer and a coupler in the second part of the composition, each present in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 10 wt % of the entire composition.
 9. The hair dye composition according to claim 3, wherein the oxidizing agent of the second part is hydrogen peroxide, a persulfate, a perborate, a percarbonate or a bromate.
 10. The hair dye composition according to claim 3, wherein the oxidizing agent of the second part is present in the entire composition in an amount of 0.5 to 10 wt %.
 11. The hair dye composition according to claim 3, wherein the oxidizing agent is combined with a developer and a coupler in the second part of the composition, each present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 20 wt % of the entire composition.
 12. The hair dye composition according to claim 3, wherein the third part of the composition contains a powdered persulfate oxidizing agent.
 13. A method of dyeing hair, comprising: treating the hair with a one-part aqueous formulation containing a direct dye compound represented by formula (1), (2) or (3):

 wherein R¹ represents an aryl group which may have a substituent, R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁸ and R⁹ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R³ and R⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² each independently represents a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aryl group which may have a substituent; rings A, B, C, D, E, F and G each independently represents a benzene ring which may be substituted with an amino group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkoxy group or a halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring; and X⁻ represents an anion, the composition having a pH ranging from 6-11 that is adjusted to within said range by an alkali agent and containing at least one cosmetic ingredient selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, animal or vegetable fats and oils, fatty acids, organic solvents, hair penetration promoters, cationic surfactants, natural or synthetic polymers, alcohols, ethers, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, protein derivatives, amino acids, antiseptics, chelating agents, stabilizing agents, antioxidants, plant extracts, crude drug extracts, vitamins, colorants, perfumes, aerosolizing agents and UV absorbers.
 14. A method of dyeing hair, comprising: treating the hair with a two-part aqueous formulation comprising, in a first part, a direct dye compound represented by formula (1), (2) or (3):

 wherein R¹ represents an aryl group which may have a substituent, R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁸ and R⁹ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R³ and R⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² each independently represents a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aryl group which may have a substituent; rings A, B, C, D, E, F and G each independently represents a benzene ring which may be substituted with an amino group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkoxy group or a halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring; and X⁻ represents an anion, the first part having a pH ranging from 6-11 that is adjusted to within said range by an alkali agent; and a second part, comprising an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent.
 15. A method of dyeing hair, comprising: treating the hair with a three-part aqueous formulation comprising, in a first part, a direct dye compound represented by formula (1), (2) or (3):

 wherein R¹ represents an aryl group which may have a substituent, R², R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁸ and R⁹ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R³ and R⁷ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl group which may have a substituent; R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹² each independently represents a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent or an aryl group which may have a substituent; rings A, B, C, D, E, F and G each independently represents a benzene ring which may be substituted with an amino group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkyl group which may have a substituent, a C₁₋₆-alkoxy group or a halogen atom or may further be cyclocondensed with a benzene ring; and X⁻ represents an anion, the first part having a pH ranging from 6-11 that is adjusted to within said range by an alkali agent; a second part, comprising an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent; and a third part, comprising a powdered oxidizing agent. 